spherical lenses

A spherical lens is an optical component made from two spherical surfaces (or one spherical surface and one flat plane). It operates on the principle of refraction to converge or diverge light rays, making it one of the most fundamental and common elements in optical systems.

Its primary functions include focusing, collimating, and imaging. It is widely used in fields such as eyeglasses, cameras, microscopes, and laser equipment. Common types include convex lenses，concave lenses and meniscus lens.